Hypertension or high blood pressure can lead to heart disease, stroke, and death and is a major global health concern. A sustained pressure of 15999 or over that fails to respond to. Blood pressure is a major cardiovascular risk factor and also a classic quantitative genetic trait. Risk factors that can increase your risk of high blood pressure include health conditions, your lifestyle, and your family history. Common risk factors for hypertension among urban and rural residents included older age. Hypertension if not treated immediately can cause death. Hypertension is considered a risk factor for developing heart disease, stroke, and kidney disease. So if you have high blood pressure, you need to take action. The present study aimed at identifying risk factors associated with high blood pressure in adolescents. Is there more than one type of pulmonary hypertension. Other risk factors are associated with high blood pressure such as genetic. The central nervous system, endocrine factors, the large arteries, and the microcirculation also have roles in the disorder. Pulmonary arterial hypertension american thoracic society. The differences in the risk of hypertension between people of different races are believed to be caused by a combination of genetic, dietary, and lifestyle factors.
Researchers have estimated that raised blood pressure currently kills nine million people every year. Prevalence, risk factors, and management of prehypertension. Hypertension or elevated blood pressure is a serious medical condition that significantly increases the risks of heart, brain, kidney and other diseases. Risk factors for high blood pressure healthination. No is involved in the insulinelicited capillary vasodilatation.
Prevalence, control and risk factors related to hypertension among. Differences in prevalence of hypertension and associated. Knowledge about hypertension and factors associated with. In 2015, 1 in 4 men and 1 in 5 women had hypertension. Some of the risk factors for high blood pressure cannot be controlled, such as your age or family history.
Although monogenic forms of blood pressure dysregulation exist, hypertension mostly arises as a. Thecriteria for diagnosing hypertension should be differentiated from blood pressure treatment targets. These are the risk factors you can change to help prevent and manage high blood pressure, including. Pregnancy induced hypertension and associated factors among pregnant women. Yes, you may hear the terms pulmonary hypertension ph or pulmonary arterial hypertension pah. The prevalence of indonesian hypertension is relatively high at 34. Genetic factors in the pathogenesis of hypertension uptodate. When we think about high blood pressure, the majority of the time, its genetic, says rachel bond, md, cardiologist. What is high blood pressure also called hypertension. Hypertension does not only occur in adults but in adolescents.
Prevalence and associated factors of hypertension among. Know the facts about high blood pressure 1 what is high blood pressure. The dash diet is recommended by physicians for people with hypertension high blood pressure or prehypertension. By placing a burden on the heart and blood vessels, hypertension in concert with other risk factors.
There are risk factors that increase your chances of developing. A range of risk factors may increase the chances of a person developing. Fortunately, you can control most heart disease risk factors. Effects of the dietary approach to stop hypertension dash diet on cardiovascular risk factors. Physical activity is great for your heart and circulatory system in general, and blood pressure is no exception. It is a silent killer and most patients are detected to have it incidentally when they are admitted to hospital for unrelated disease or subjected to preemployment or preoperative medical checkups. The treatment and prognosis of resistant hypertension, indications for referral to a hypertension specialist, and how one identifies patients who should be screened for. Prevalence and risk factors of arterial hypertension. Hypertension was defined as a systolic blood pressure sbp. Background in recent years there has been increasing evidence of an association between residential remoteness and hypertension htn. This study aimed to analyze risk factors of hypertension in high school students. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of residential remoteness, as measured by road network distance and elevation, and lifestyle. Global dalys attributable to the 25 leading risk factors in 1990 and 2010. When blood pressure is elevated, the heart and arteries have to work harder than normal to pump blood through the body.
Priest 2 and annabelle chan 2 1 department of obstetrics. Basic concepts, types, pathogenetic factors basic concepts and definitions. One of the key risk factors for cardiovascular disease is hypertension or raised blood pressure. However, there are risk factors such as physical activity. Sarker s a, nazma s, most l b, lobaba s l, md f a, md k h. Hyperuricemia and incidence of hypertension among men. Objective this study evaluates the impact of a number of demographic, biological, behavioural and lifestyle health risk factors on the incidence of hypertension in thailand over a 4year period. Given a paucity of information on hypertension and associated risk factors among urban slum. Hypertension is a growing public health problem in many developing countries including ethiopia. Lifestyle modifications to manage hypertension modification. When you have more than one risk factor for heart disease, your risk of developing heart disease greatly multiplies. Risk factors are conditions or behaviors that increase your chances of developing a disease.
As in other studies where blood pressure was also measured after a tobaccofree interval, 18. University of california san francisco medical center. There are several factors predisposing to hypertension. If hypertension is not diagnosed but there is evidence of target organ damage, consider carrying out investigations for alternative causes of the target organ damage for information on investigations, see nices guidelines on chronic kidney disease in adults and chronic heart failure.
Abstracttheaimofthisprojectwastostudytheriskofdevelopinghypertensionovera6yearfollowupinnormotensive. Health conditions that can cause high blood pressure include. Specific causes of secondary hypertension will be briefly mentioned. Risk factors of hypertension in high school students.
Mathers1 1human nutrition research centre, institute of cellular medicine, newcastle university, campus for ageing and. Depending on your blood pressure and risk factors for heart disease, you may only need to make a. Ibuprofen is a member of the class of drugs called nsaids, which includes naproxen aleve, naprosyn and anaprox. Kidney disease chronic kidney disease affects fluid and electrolyte volume and concentration in the body, which places excess pressure on the arteries, causing hypertension. It is known that obesity, sodium intake, and alcohol consumption factors influence blood pressure. Hypertension is the leading risk factor for death and disability globally and disproportionately impacts lowand middleincome countries lmics, where more than twothirds of people with hypertension live. Its signs and symptoms include dizziness and headache. Elevated blood pressure bp represents the principle contributor to the global mortality of disease and burden. Information on the prevalence of hypertension and its associated factors is to be considered vital. Raised blood pressure is a major risk factor for chronic heart disease, stroke, and. Nonmodifiable risk factors include a family history of hypertension, age over 65 years and coexisting diseases such as diabetes or kidney. Health risk factors and the incidence of hypertension. Hypertension prevalence and associated factors in men and women.
Prevalence and associated risk factors of hypertension. In about 1 in 20 cases, high blood pressure happens as the result of an underlying health condition or taking a certain medicine. Hypertension and vascular disorders are central to this syndrome. It means that youre at a greater risk of high blood pressure. However, hypertension is a major risk factor for heart disease, stroke, kidney failure, and eye problems.
But you can take steps to lower your risk by changing the factors you can control. Metabolic syndrome is a cluster of metabolic and cardiovascular symptoms. Know your risk factors for high blood pressure american. Family and twin studies estimate that the heritability fraction of the trait explained by genes of blood pressure is 30 to 50 percent. Global dalys attributable to the 25 leading risk factors. Lifestyle and risk of hypertension international journal. The issue opens with a consensus document produced by the working group on obesity, diabetes and the high risk patient of the european society of hypertension regarding the pathogenesis of obesityinduced. A hypertensive emergency is diagnosed when marked rises of high blood pressure occurs with the possibility of acute damage to vessels and target organs. To analyze the prevalence of hypertension and associated factors in men and.
Basic concepts, types, pathogenetic factors hypertension. Pulmonary arterial hypertension pah occurs when the arteries in the lungs have elevated blood pressure, and the right side of the heart has to work harder to pump blood to the lungs. As usual, articles in the current issue of the journal of hypertension cover the entire span of hypertension research, from investigation of risk factors for development of hypertension and cardiovascular disease to pathophysiological mechanisms, diagnostic approaches and aspects of antihypertensive treatment using data from the prospective suita study, a cohort study of. Both terms mean that the pressure on the right side of your heart is higher than normal. Factors associated with a higher sbp included family history of hypertension, alcohol consumption, overweight or obesity, high waist circumference, and a medium or high heart rate. Pulmonary hypertension ph is a general term that means that the blood pressure on the. Hypertension already affects one billion people worldwide, leading to heart attacks and strokes. Risk factors associated with high blood pressure in. Individualneighborhood social factors and blood pressure. Secondary hypertension is a type of hypertension with an underlying, potentially correctable cause. Hypertension definition of hypertension by medical. Design a 4year prospective study of health risk factors and their effects on the incidence of hypertension in a national thai cohort study from 2005 to 2009. It can also cause damage to the kidneys, worsening of heart failure, and even heart attack or stroke.
The majority of hypertensive patients have modifiable cardiovascular risk factors such as diabetes mellitus dm, overweight, sedentary lifestyle. Risk factors various factors increase a persons risk for developing htn. Hypertension occurs due to complex interactions between adverse lifestyles and environmental factors on a background of polygenic inheritance 1. Blood pressure normally rises and falls throughout the day, but it can cause health problems if it stays high for a long time. Subsequently, we examine the link between endothelial dysfunction and ir. Pregnancy induced hypertension and associated factors. The main objective of the journal is to set a forum for publication, education, and exchange of opinions, and to promote research and publications globally. Tobacco and alcohol consumption, overweight, obesity, and abdominal obesity were also associated with hypertension. But you can take steps to lower your risk by changing the factors. These are the risk factors linked to hypertension that cardiologists want you to be aware of. Higher odds of being hypertensive were found in male subjects, eldest age group, married subjects, subjects of upper socioeconomic status, illiterate subjects, and retired subjects.
Risk factors of hypertension among adults aged 3564. Blood pressure is the force of blood against your artery walls as it circulates through your body. Risk factors for high blood pressure hypertension ucsf. Hypertension usually has no symptoms, and many affected individuals do not know they have the condition.